How to improve the CNC machining accuracy of tool bearings
Release date:
2022-07-12
In CNC machining, it is essential to select the appropriate tool geometry and material. As industrialization advances, part characteristics are shifting from uniformity toward standardization, and the cutting tools used in CNC machines must also embody these traits to enhance machining accuracy. Although tools themselves are made from relatively advanced materials, to ensure the precision of CNC machining, tools should still be chosen based on sound engineering principles. Furthermore, during the machining process, factors such as tool hardness and wear resistance must also be carefully considered.
How to improve the CNC machining accuracy of tool bearings
In CNC machining, it is essential to select the appropriate tool geometry and material. As industrialization advances, part characteristics are shifting from uniformity toward standardization, and CNC machine tools must likewise incorporate these attributes to enhance the machining accuracy of tool‑bearing components. Although tools themselves are made from relatively robust materials, scientific selection remains critical to maintaining machining precision. During operation, factors such as tool hardness and wear resistance must also be considered; for instance, alloy and high-speed steels are widely used cutting tools. To improve the machining accuracy of tool bearings, it is advisable to employ sliding bearings with tight tolerances wherever possible, and to choose bearings with excellent wear resistance to ensure machine‑tool accuracy while minimizing internal heat sources and keeping them well away from the spindle. Additionally, the machine should be equipped with effective cooling capabilities—such as using metalworking fluids to dissipate heat generated during machining—thereby reducing deformation of equipment and parts. Furthermore, attention should be paid to bearing rotational speed and proper adjustments; for example, fine‑tuning the inserts on small and medium slides to keep the clearance below 0.04 mm and ensuring smooth, light‑weight motion. Selecting a machine with adequate power and enhancing its installation stability are also crucial. In CNC machining, the tool‑setting point—the origin of tool movement within the coordinate system—must be carefully considered. Particular care should be taken during the tool‑setting process: any errors can compromise the dimensional accuracy of the machined parts and pose safety risks to operators.
It is necessary to strengthen the maintenance awareness of relevant personnel.
In CNC machining, the accuracy of CNC machine tools directly affects production quality and efficiency. High‑precision CNC machine tools are essential for China’s CNC machining industry to gain international competitiveness; therefore, the management and maintenance of these machines are of paramount importance.
(1) CNC machine tools are a prerequisite for value creation; therefore, relevant enterprises must recognize the importance of equipment maintenance. The quality of machine tool management directly affects the normal operation of CNC machines, as well as their precision and practicality.
(2) Relevant personnel shall ensure the proper use of CNC machine tools. CNC machines play a crucial role in modern manufacturing, enhancing the productivity of mechanical equipment; however, they are susceptible to environmental factors, air quality, and heat sources during operation. Therefore, it is essential to employ CNC machines appropriately in daily operations to prevent malfunctions. During use, operators should pay close attention to the machine, ensuring correct procedures and selecting an appropriate installation location. As CNC machines are easily affected by external conditions, they must be kept away from high‑temperature and humid environments. Before operation, all personnel should thoroughly familiarize themselves with the relevant operating guidelines.
(3) Relevant personnel shall periodically inspect the machine tool’s levelness and mechanical accuracy and perform necessary adjustments. There are two approaches to correcting mechanical accuracy: one is to compensate for system parameters, such as lead-screw backlash compensation, fixed-point compensation for positioning accuracy of each axis, and correction of the machine tool’s home‑position; the other is to mechanically overhaul the machine—reconditioning guideways, preloading the ball‑screw–nut assembly, and adjusting backslash.
I won’t go into further detail—see you in the next episode.
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